Genetic predisposition alone cannot fully explain the current rise of food sensitivities, like celiac disease. Scientists have characterized the bacterial enzyme elastase involved in driving immune activation and worsening reactions to gluten in genetically susceptible hosts.

A study by researchers from the University of Córdoba (Spain), featured in Neurotherapeutics, describes how an alteration in the gut microbiota is associated with the development of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis.

A recent study, led by Dr. Wendy A. Henderson from the National Institute of Nursing Research at National Institutes of Health (NIH) in Bethesda (USA), and co-authored by Research Fellow Dr. Nicolaas Fourie, has found that the oral microbiota could be a useful source of information in patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS).

The gut microbiome of individuals with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a topic of growing scientific interest, as recent research has linked severe immunodeficiency in HIV infection with changes in both the bacterial and viral communities of the gut.

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