Obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are complex chronic diseases with rapidly growing prevalence across the world. Human studies have found that both genetic and environmental factors contribute to T2DM; the clearest lifestyle factors are high caloric intake and low physical activity. The mechanisms by which human T2DM arises is still unclear, but obesity, insulin resistance and ß-cell dysfunction all play a role.
Time-restricted feeding can protect against metabolic effects of diet-induced obesity
28 Jun 2015by Kristina Campbell
Amir Zarrinpar (MD, PhD) is a gastroenterologist with UC San Diego Health, and a researcher at The Salk Institute for Biological Studies.
The higher rates of colon cancer in Americans of African origin compared to South Africans are usually attributed to diets containing more animal protein and fat and less fibre.
Dr. Liping Zhao, of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, is at the cutting edge of research on how the gut microbiota influence obesity.
The relationship between symptoms, microbiota, and diet in Irritable Bowel Syndrome
16 May 2015by Paul Enck
Patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) are a heterogenous group, and many report symptoms triggered by diet: most commonly wheat/grains, certain vegetables, milk products, fatty foods, spicy foods, coffee, and alcohol.
Taylor Soderborg, on the Impact of a Western Style Diet During Pregnancy
22 Apr 2015by Kristina Campbell
Taylor Soderborg is a 3rd year MD/PhD student at the University of Colorado Denver, School of Medicine, pursuing a PhD in integrative physiology: reproductive sciences track.
Prof. Lora Hooper, on epithelial cell protection against bacterial invasion
29 Mar 2015by Kristina Campbell
Lora Hooper is a professor in the Department of Immunology at the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center (Dallas), and an investigator at the Howard Hughes Medical Institute. Her lab studies immune mechanisms that prevent bacteria from crossing intestinal barriers and entering host tissues.
Deletion of MyD88 in intestinal epithelial cells partially protects against diet-induced obesity
26 Feb 2015by Patrice D. Cani
In this paper, the first aim we had with Dr. Amandine Everard, was to investigate whether some key molecules involved in the innate immune system, mainly MyD88 [myeloid differentiation primary response gene 88], may contribute to the development of obesity, diabetes and low grade inflammation.
Prof. Iradj Sobhani, on linking diet to colorectal cancer through microbiota functions
3 Dec 2014by Kristina Campbell
Prof. Iradj Sobhani is a physician in the Department of Gastroenterology at Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, and a professor of medicine at University Paris-Est Créteil, in France. He is the director of the interdisciplinary research team Macbeth-EC2M3 (Microbiota and early colon cancer detection
Clostridium ramosum promotes obesity in gnotobiotic mice in response to a high-fat diet
20 Oct 2014by GMFH Editing Team
In recent years, several studies reported a shift in the intestinal microbiota in humans and mice in response to high-fat diets. This shift is characterised by a reduction of Bacteroidetes and an increase of Firmicutes. The Erysipelotrichi, a bacterial class