by Kristina Campbell
Dr. Paul Moayyedi, a gastroenterologist and researcher at McMaster University in Hamilton, Canada, was the first author of a study published earlier this year that investigated fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) as a way to induce remission in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC). (See the study summary here.)
After intestinal anastomosis -- resection and reconnection of intestinal segments -- the intestine sometimes fails to heal. Leakage, peritonitis, and sepsis can result: in other words, anastomotic leak. The underlying cause of this complication is unknown, but evidence is growing that intestinal microbes play a role.
by Stefan Jellbauer
Quality and quantity of gluten, maturity of gut functions influencing antigen trafficking and handling (e.g. pattern recognition receptors and barrier function) and changes in microbiome composition are factors that contribute to the pathogenesis of the disease.
by Amandine Everard
The Third International Congress of Translational Research in Human Nutrition took place in Clermont-Ferrand, France, on June 26 & 27, 2015.
The human stomach has its own microbiota, but it receives less scientific attention than the intestines -- perhaps because acidic conditions, peristalsis, and the gastric mucus layer interfere with bacterial colonization. Nevertheless, characterizing the healthy gastric microbiota may be important
by Amandine Everard
The Third International Congress of Translational Research in Human Nutrition (#ICTRHN2015) took place in Clermont-Ferrand, France, on June 26 & 27, 2015.
by Kristina Campbell
For Catherine Lozupone, formerly a researcher in the Knight and Gordon labs and now faculty at the University of Colorado, characterizing a 'healthy microbiota' or even a 'healthy diet' is far from straightforward.
by Paul Enck
Prebiotics and probiotics are food components that directly target the gut microbiota. This recent human study investigated their effects on gut microbiota and metabolic risk markers in obesity.
Obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are complex chronic diseases with rapidly growing prevalence across the world. Human studies have found that both genetic and environmental factors contribute to T2DM; the clearest lifestyle factors are high caloric intake and low physical activity. The mechanisms by which human T2DM arises is still unclear, but obesity, insulin resistance and ß-cell dysfunction all play a role.
by Paul Enck
Scientists aren't clear on the exact relationship between the Firmicutes to Bacteroides/Prevotella (F:B) ratio, fecal short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) levels, and obesity. This observational human study analyzed 3-day dietary intakes, physical activity levels, body mass index, fecal microbiota, and SCFAs in both lean and overweight/obese research participants (n=94).
